DEX (1 mu M, 24 h) increased significantly ABCB1 and GR mRNA expression levels by

around 8- and 3.5-fold, respectively (P<10(-6)). ABCB1 induction by DEX in CCRF-CEM cells suggests a potential risk of interaction in lymphocytes when associating DEX to LDN-193189 inhibitor ABCB1 substrates in antiretroviral multitherapies in vivo.”
“Arabidopsis thaliana SUPERMAN (SUP) plays an important role during flower development by maintaining the boundary between stamens and carpels in the inner two whorls. It was proposed that SUP maintains this boundary by regulating cell proliferation in both whorls, as loss-of-function superman mutants produce more stamens at the expense of carpels. However, the cellular mechanism that underlies SUP function remains unknown. Here Arabidopsis or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) SUP was overexpressed in tobacco plants to substantiate SUP’s role as a regulator of cell proliferation and boundary definition and provide evidence that its biological

role may be mediated via hormonal changes. It was found that moderate levels of SUP stimulated cell growth and proliferation, whereas high levels were inhibitory. SUP stimulated auxin- and cytokinin-regulated processes, and cells overexpressing SUP displayed reduced hormone dependency for proliferation and regeneration SB203580 price into plants. SUP also induced proliferation of female traits in the second and third flower whorls and promoted differentiation of petaloid properties in sepals, further supporting a role for SUP as a boundary regulator. Moreover, cytokinin suppressed stamen development and promoted differentiation www.selleckchem.com/products/nsc-23766.html of carpeloid tissues, suggesting that SUP may regulate male and female development via its effect on cytokinin signalling. Taken together, these observations suggest a model whereby the effect of SUP on cell growth and proliferation involves the modulation of auxin- and cytokinin-regulated processes. Furthermore, differential SUP expression or different sensitivities

of different cell types to SUP may determine whether SUP stimulates or suppresses their proliferation.”
“We fabricate a heterostructure of SmNiO3 and VO2 on silicon wherein both correlated oxides undergo a metal-insulator transition at different threshold temperatures. It is demonstrated that the threshold voltage for electrically switching the VO2 from insulating to metallic can be tuned depending on the conducting state of the SmNiO3 layer. An electrically triggered SmNiO3 phase transition induces a resistance modification in the layer, which alters the field distribution and shifts the effective threshold voltage for VO2 switching in a non-volatile manner. The ability to tune the switching characteristics in such heterostructures could be relevant for emerging correlated oxide adaptive electron devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.