TOP was measured in both the eyes before and after insertion of airway device for 5 min.

Results: The IOP increased significantly from 27.3 Selleck MK2206 +/- 5.2 to 31.2 +/- 5.4 mmHg (P < 0.001) after tracheal intubation but returned to baseline within 5 min. The IOP did not change from the baseline after insertion of LMA. The TOP was significantly higher in group TT compared to group LMA at 2 min (P = 0.004) and 5 min (P = 0.01) after the device insertion. The heart rate (HR) increased significantly after tracheal intubation

and returned to baseline 4 min after intubation. The HR increase was significantly more in TT group compared to LMA group at all times of observation. Both systolic blood pressure (SBP; P = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP; P = 0.02) showed an increase at 1 min in children in group TT.

Conclusion: Insertion of LMA in glaucomatous children

is not associated with an increased IOP response or cardiovascular changes.”
“Background: Use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) continues to offer potential strategy for malaria prevention in endemic areas. However their effectiveness, sustainability and massive scale up remain a factor of socio-economic and cultural variables of the local community which are indispensable during design and implementation stages.

Methods: An ethnographic household survey was conducted in four study villages which were purposefully selected to represent socio-economic and geographical diversity. In total, 400 households were randomly selected

from the four study Flavopiridol villages. Quantitative and qualitative information of the respondents were collected by use of semi-structured questionnaires and focus group discussions.

Results: Malaria was reported the most frequently occurring disease in the area (93%) and its aetiology was attributed to other non-biomedical causes like stagnant water (16%), and long rains (13%). Factors which significantly caused variation in bed net use were occupant relationship to household head (chi(2) = 105.705; df 14; P = 0.000), Age (chi(2) = 74.483; df 14; P = 0.000), village (chi(2) = 150.325; df 6; P = 0.000), occupation (chi(2) = 7.955; df AZD1208 ic50 3; P = 0.047), gender (chi(2) = 4.254; df 1; P = 0.039) and education levels of the household head or spouse (chi(2) = 33.622; df 6; P = 0.000). The same variables determined access and conditions of bed nets at household level. Protection against mosquito bite (95%) was the main reason cited for using bed nets in most households while protection against malaria came second (54%). Colour, shape and affordability were some of the key potential factors which determined choice, use and acceptance of bed nets in the study area.

Conclusion: The study highlights potential social and economic variables important for effective and sustainable implementation of bed nets-related programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa.