19 The associations between the above-stated baseline and follow-

19 The associations between the above-stated baseline and follow-up variables with persistence of or progression to steatohepatitis were assessed. Continuous variables are expressed as median (IQR), and categorical variables are presented as numbers (percentage). Mann-Whitney’s U test was applied for comparisons of continuous variables between groups. Comparisons between categorical variables were Opaganib made by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, when appropriate. For comparisons between related groups, Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test for continuous variables and McNemar’s test for the categorical ones were used. Odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals; CIs) of variables potentially related with

the outcome variables were calculated by univariate logistic regression. Variables associated with the outcome variables with a P value ≤0.2 in univariate analyses were entered in multivariate logistic BMS-777607 order regression

models. Multivariate models were adjusted by the difference in sample length between the first and second biopsies, regardless of its association with the outcome variables. Associations with a P value <0.05 after the multivariate analysis were considered significant. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 19 statistical software package (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). The study was designed and conducted following the Helsinki declaration. The Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitario de Valme (Seville, Spain) approved the study. One hundred and forty-six patients were included in the study. The characteristics of these patients at the initial biopsy are summarized in Table 1. All patients were Caucasians of European ancestry. DM was diagnosed in 9 (6.5%) individuals. One hundred and twenty-five (86%) patients showed a BMI between 18.5 MCE公司 and 24.99 kg/m2, 6 (4%) individuals showed a BMI lower than 18.5 kg/m2, 11 (7.5%) had a BMI equal to or greater than 25 kg/m2 and lower than 30 kg/m2, and 4 (2.7%) showed a BMI greater

than 30 kg/m2. The majority of patients received ART at baseline (Table 1). The distribution of individual antiretroviral drugs prescribed during the follow-up and the cumulative exposure to them is listed in Table 2. The median (IQR) time between biopsies was 3.3 (2.0-5.2) years. HS at baseline was observed in 87 (60%) patients. Most patients with HS at the initial biopsy presented grade 1 HS (Fig. 1; refer to Supporting Table 1 for associations with baseline HS). In the second biopsy, HS was detected in 113 (77%) patients, 49 (34%) of whom bore grade 2 HS. The frequency of HS grades at the first and second biopsy is detailed in Fig. 1. The prevalence of moderate and severe HS was higher in the follow-up biopsies, compared with the baseline biopsies (Fig. 1). Progression of at least one grade of HS was observed in 60 (40%) patients at the second liver biopsy, and 8 (5%) patients progressed two or more grades of HS. Progression to grade 2 or 3 HS was observed in 34 (23%) patients.

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