A case control study was constructed from a sample of 100 adolescents (aged 12 to 21 years). The sample was divided
into two groups: adolescents with and without DSH. Case files were examined and data was completed by clinical interviews. Demographic, psychosocial, and psychopathological data were assessed and compared. Ninety-eight subjects completed the protocol. The DSH group was associated with the following: suicidal ideation or suicidal behavior as consultation motive, emergency room referral, previous follow-up attempts, suicidal ideation, psychosocial difficulties, or lack of therapeutic goals. selleckchem There was a nonsignificant trend towards diagnosis of depression in the DSH group. These results reflect our clinical practice with adolescents and add data about
teenagers who self-harm to the literature. Prevention and early recognition of DSH (and frequently associated depression) in adolescents are essential and could SCH727965 be life-saving measures. An integrated approach, which takes into account psychosocial difficulties, family dysfunction, and negative expectations, seems to be of great importance.”
“Objectives To elucidate the pathophysiology of urinary dysfunction in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and statistical brain mapping. Methods: Urinary symptoms were observed and N-isopropyl-p-[I-123]-iodoamphetamine (IMP)-SPECT imaging was performed in 97 patients with clinico-radiologically definite iNPH. The patients included 56 men and 41 women; mean age, 74 years. The statistical difference in normalized mean tracer counts was calculated and visualized between patients with urinary dysfunction of severer degrees (>grade 2/4) and milder degrees (<grade 1/4) according to the urinary subscales of the iNPH grading scales. Results: There was a significant decrease in tracer activity in the
right-side-dominant bilateral frontal cortex and the left inferior temporal gyrus in the severe urinary dysfunction group (P < 0.05). In order to minimize the effects of gait and cognitive dysfunction, we performed similar analysis Selleckchem CA3 among subjects with little or no such dysfunction, and obtained the same results (P < 0.05) as described above. Conclusions: Urinary dysfunction was found to be closely related with right frontal hypoperfusion in iNPH using [I-123]-IMP SPECT. This right frontal area is one of the critical areas for regulating micturition. While secondary incontinence can result from gait disturbance or dementia, there may also be a neurogenic mechanism underlying urinary dysfunction, which is a significant burden in patients with iNPH and their caregivers. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:50-55, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.