A thermodynamically stable Al2O3 layer formed on the surface as a result of the electron stimulated surface chemical reactions is possibly contributing to the CL stability of the LiAl5O8:Tb phosphor.
The time stability of the phosphor under prolonged electron beam exposure suggests that it can be used in information displays. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3530607]“
“In this research, heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by the casting-solution technique using polycarbonate (PC) and S-polyvinylchloride (S-PVC) as binders along with cation exchange resin as functional group agent. The effect of blend ratio (PC to S-PVC) of polymer binder on structure and electrochemical Sapitinib inhibitor properties of the prepared membranes were elucidated. The morphology of the prepared membranes was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning optical microscopy
(SOM). The images show that the addition of PC ratio in the casting solution results in formation of a membrane with more inner cavities and micro voids. The electrochemical properties and mechanical strength tests were conducted. Water content, ion exchange capacity, ion permeability, flux, current efficiency, and oxidative stability of the prepared membranes initially were decreased by increasing the PC ratio in the casting solution and then it began to increase. The selleck compound blending of S-PVC and PC polymers results in membranes with lower mechanical strength. Membrane potential, surface charge density, perm-selectivity, cationic transport number, electrical resistance, and energy consumption were initially improved by the increment of PC ratio in the casting solution and then
it decreased. The membrane with 70% PC exhibited the highest flux, learn more maximum current efficiency, and minimum energy consumption. However, the selectivity of this membrane was low compared with the other prepared membranes. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 644 656, 2011″
“Purpose:
To determine the familiarity of radiologists with the Fleischner Society guidelines for management of small lung nodules and to assess whether their decisions for nodule management are consistent with these recommendations.
Materials and Methods:
Institutional review board exemption was granted for this electronic survey, which was sent to a sample of 7000 radiologists randomly selected from the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) directory. Three clinical scenarios for nodule management were presented. Information about policies and guidelines for nodule management, awareness of published guidelines, and respondent demographics was obtained. Associations between these parameters and management recommendations were assessed by using a chi(2) test. Respondents were also asked about tube current settings for routine chest computed tomographic examinations and those performed solely for nodule follow-up.
Results:
Of 834 respondents (response rate, 11.9%), 649 (77.