“
“Aim: To investigate if pain area in patients with chronic pain could be measured by a computerized assessment
G418 mw on previously marked pain drawings on paper figures and to analyze the further application of the method.
Methods: Seventy-two patients (54 women and 18 men) who were admitted to Umea University Hospital during 2003 for assessment of chronic pain answered a set of questionnaires (pain intensity on the visual analog scale [VAS], disability on the Disability Rating Index [DRI], life satisfaction on the LiSat-11) and filled in pain drawings on paper figures of the human body. The pain drawings were later analyzed by using computerized assessment.
Results: Women marked a greater pain area than men, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.433). No significant difference was shown for the previous seven days between men and women on the VAS (p = 0.914), DRI (p =
0.493), or LiSat-11 (p = 0.124). A statistically significant correlation was found between pain area and VAS for the previous seven days (r = 0.250; p = 0.046). Pain area was statistically significantly correlated to the DRI (r = 0.336; p = 0.014) and close to negatively correlated to the LiSat-11 (r = -0.687; p = 0.057).
Conclusion: This pilot study shows that pain drawing area could be measured by a computerized assessment of pain drawings. The method points to the possibility of relating pain area with other instruments. In the present study, an association between selleck compound the patients’ pain Fer-1 in vitro drawing area and pain intensity and between pain area and level of activity was shown.”
“UVB and UVC toxicity was detected in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines AA8, UV5 and XEM2 (a V79-derived cell line expressing rat P 450 1A1). Unlike
FICZ-HPLC assay that showed induction of CYP1A1 enzyme activity after 20 minutes and 2 hour UVC exposure, the EROD assay showed no difference in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activity after exposure to different doses of UVB and UVC light. Different cytotoxic and mutagenic effect of photo lesions induced by UVC and UVB light was investigated with the DRAG and HPRT assays, comparing the wild type cell line AA8 and the Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient cell line UV5. DRAG assay showed a significant difference in UV induced cytotoxicity between UVC and UVB reflecting the larger energy and toxic effect of UVC along with significant difference in UV induced toxicity between AA8 and UV5 cell lines. This was further validated through the HPRT assay, which also showed a significant difference in UVC (5 J/m(2)) induced mutagenic effect between these cell lines. In addition, HPRT assay showed the mutagenic effect of photosensitizer, acetophenone.